Introduction · Performance Testing 101

What is Performance Testing?

Performance testing evaluates how well an application performs under different levels of user load, stress, and traffic conditions. The goal is to understand the system's speed, stability, scalability, and resource usage before it goes live.

⚙️  A type of Non-Functional Testing — not what it does, but how fast & stable it behaves
01

Simple Definition

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Performance Testing is a process of testing an application to determine how it behaves when multiple users access it simultaneously, and how quickly it responds.

02

Core Focus Areas

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User Load

How many concurrent users can the system handle without degradation?

Response Time

How quickly does the system respond to user actions under load?

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Throughput

How many transactions or requests can be processed per second?

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Resource Usage

How effectively are CPU, memory, database, and network utilized?

03

Real-World Example

Scenario
E-Commerce App — "Add to Cart" Function
How does the website behave when 1,000 users click "Add to Cart" at the same time?
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Response Time
1.2 seconds
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Server CPU
75% under load
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Error Rate
3% at 1,200 users
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Throughput
300 req/sec
🔍 Common Bottlenecks Identified
Database Slow Queries High CPU Usage Insufficient Memory Bad Code Loops Network Latency Low Throughput
04

Why is Performance Testing Important?

Without performance testing, users may face critical issues — especially during peak traffic like sales, festivals, and promotions.

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Slow Page Loads
Users abandon sites that take > 3 seconds
Timeouts
Requests never complete under heavy load
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Application Crashes
Unhandled load spikes bring systems down
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Business Loss
Revenue lost during peak traffic events